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Python Invalid Syntax Errors: How to Fix Them and Prevent Them From Happening

cecileparkmedia by cecileparkmedia
May 13, 2022
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Table of Contents

  • What is an invalid syntax error in Python and how do you fix it
  • Common causes of invalid syntax errors in Python
  • How to debug your Python code to find the source of the error
  • Ways to prevent invalid syntax errors from happening in your code

What is an invalid syntax error in Python and how do you fix it

There are two types of errors in Python: Syntax Errors and Runtime Errors. A syntax error is usually caught by your program’s compiler, but if it slips past the compiler, it will be a runtime error. The former is when your code does something that’s not allowed by the Python language and code grammar; this includes using reserved words or operators in a way other than they are intended as well as inappropriate spacing between words. These are caught by the compiler so you don’t have to worry about them. Runtime errors are when your code is trying to perform an action that is not allowed by the language, like trying to get a sum of two lists when the language only allows one list to be added together. These too will be caught by your compiler and won’t cause problems in the program, but they will cause issues during runtime. The two types of errors are vastly different, and should be handled differently.
Running a Python program that has a syntax error will stop at that point and will not execute the rest of the program. Running with an invalid syntax error can help you to fix any problems you have in your program. In the following example, the code ends with “if __name__ == ‘__main__’:” except for a RuntimeError but if we remove it, we have a SyntaxError and our program will run successfully.
Syntax Error
. py:22: Syntax Error
if __name__ == ‘__main__’:
^ Syntax error, unrecognized expression: __name__
Runtime Error

syntaxerror invalid syntax python
syntaxerror invalid syntax python

Common causes of invalid syntax errors in Python

Python is a highly structured language, it has to be in order for it to work correctly. However, this means that all of the stuff you can’t do is forbidden by the language and syntax. A problem occurs when you try to perform an action that isn’t allowed. For example, there are tons of ways you can try to add together a list of numbers with + , but these don’t work because they’re not allowed by Python and thus are considered invalid syntax. In the next section, I’ll cover the most common syntax errors.
Note:Many of these are caused by misspelling the name of a function or module. As long as you know the correct spelling, go ahead and try to run that function or import that module and Python will tell you what you did wrong.
import SyntaxErrors
…(code)… ImportError: No module named syntax_error (on Windows)
This is probably your most common problem if you’re brand new to Python and I want to go over the most basic ways for you to solve it. The reason SyntaxErrors never comes up is because you haven’t imported it yet. Go ahead and import it now:from syntax_errors import SyntaxErrors
from syntax_errors import SyntaxErrors SyntaxError: invalid syntax python

syntaxerror invalid syntax python
syntaxerror invalid syntax python

How to debug your Python code to find the source of the error

The best way to debug syntax errors is to create a small test script that goes through some of the things you can’t do, in case you get by the compiler. If you run this script with your real program, Python should give you a syntax error and point out what it is. Python is a highly structured language, but if you make some of the things in your program invalid, you’ll get an error. Here is a list of features that don’t work in Python:
Invalid import statements (the name is not a valid module name or is spelled wrong or the path is invalid)
Missing semicolons after statements after lines that end in a colon (these are used to separate statements in a block)
Using an assignment statement where you need to use an expression (for instance, “a = b + 1” where you need “a += 1”)
Assignments and comparisons with the same variable name on both sides. The interpreter will think you’re trying to use a defined name before it is defined.
Brackets around the condition of an if statement.
Incorrect parenthesis in a function call or list comprehension (you’ll find out what main method you’re trying to call)
Using try/except on a line that isn’t part of a try clause (you’ll find out which except clauses are being tried)

syntaxerror invalid syntax python
syntaxerror invalid syntax python

Ways to prevent invalid syntax errors from happening in your code

There are a few ways to prevent the invalid syntax error from occurring when you write your code, but I don’t know how likely any one of these are in your case. One way is to not use Python, since it’s such a structured programming language and has a syntax that’s so specific to only some things. However, if you really want to use Python, then here are some tips.
1. Do Not Use i
It turns out that the letter i when used in Python is a reserved word. The error message could be just this: invalid syntax python: “do not use i” . However, it’s not really a good idea to use Python if you’re intent on using this letter in your code, because there are other things in the language where i is also used as well. You can’t do anything about it then either.
2. Use Parens With () Around the Letters in Strings

syntaxerror invalid syntax python
syntaxerror invalid syntax python
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